Seismic retrofitting techniques for bridges a stateof. Pdf evaluation of seismic retrofitting techniques used in old. Reference rehabilitation and retrofitting of structures rrs notes pdf rrs pdf notes rrs pdf rrs notes. Techniques that may be employed for bridge abutment modification or anchoring includes seismic anchor slabs, anchor pile, vertical pipes, or shear keys. Seismic risk factors courtesy of utah division of state.
Index seismic retrofitting manual for highway structures. The retrofitting techniques for various portions of bridge are described below. The project includes the development of lowtech, cost. We specialize in seismic retrofitting on commercial and residential soft story structures. The retrofit techniques are also applicable for other natural hazards such as tropical cyclones, tornadoes, and severe winds from thunderstorms. Pdf evaluation of seismic retrofitting techniques used in. Techniques structural members and of the entire construction. Pdf seismic retrofitting techniques smit vora academia. Building materials used in seismic retrofitting should be located on the interior andor blended with existing architectural features.
After many kinds of survey, we proposed three ideas of seismic retrofitting and selected base isolation. House bolting, foundation bolting, cripple wall bracing, seismic retrofitting, foundation repairs, softstory retrofits, foundation replacements, sister foundations. Advanced retrofitting techniques for rc building semantic scholar. Seismic retrofitting of reinforced concrete buildings using. Seismic retrofitting techniques for structurallysound bridges. It is utmost importance for historic monuments, areas.
The repair and retrofitting strategies set forth in this manual are applicable only for the residential houses that falls in repair and retrofitting categories after gorkha earthquake 2015 under the gon housing reconstruction programme. As a practical and economical solution, the retrofit design involved replacement of the existing window frames with structural steel frames constructed from steel csections. Lets start by looking at the replacement for the san franciscooakland bay bridge that was damaged decades ago in a major quake. The retrofit process is a general term that may consist of a variety of treatments, including. The primary purpose of this document is to provide a selected compilation of seismic rehabilitation techniques that are practical and effective. Retrofitting techniques the retrofitting of bridge may be required in each of the components. An indexbased method for evaluating seismic retrofitting.
Seismic retrofitting manual for highway structures. Homes tend to fail in one of three ways all between the foundation and the first floor joists. However, for detailed technical guidance on seismic retrofitting, reference should be made to fema 547 fema, 2006 which applies to all types of buildings and for all types of use and occupancy. Seismic retrofit category a to d shl and srcseismic retrofit category a to d shl and src aashto lrfd seismic design provision2008 yr design event yr.
Nondestructive evaluation of concrete structures by. The two identical victorian style homes at 214 and 210 elm street were built100 years ago by the same builder, with identical materials and using the same construction techniques. Study on various methods and techniques of retrofitting. Assessment of seismic retrofitting techniques of rc. Thus, it is of critical importance that the structures that need seismic retrofitting are identified correctly, and an optimal retrofitting is conducted in a cost effective fashion. Part 1 of this manual focuses on highway bridges, and is a replacement for the federal highway administration fhwa publication seismic retrofitting manual for highway bridges which was published in 1995 as report fhward94052. The seismic strengthening method which raises the intensity and modification performance of a building. Seismic retrofitting issue, spring 2015 getty center. Some methods are additions of rc structural walls, use of steel bracings, seismic isolation, use of frp and supplemental energy dissipation devices dampers. Pdf seismic retrofitting techniques for concrete structures. Finally, the seismic retrofitting techniques evaluated in this paper are discussed, including the modelling procedure and characteristics. We are a onestop shop that performs everything from structural analysis of the building by a seismic engineer to retrofit completion. Techniques for the seismic rehabilitation of existing. A decision of retrofitting must consider whether the region provides such technology.
Part 2 of this manual provides guidance on the assessment and retrofitting of other typical highway structures. Part 2 retaining structures, slopes, tunnels, culverts and roadways this report is available only in pdf format. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the techniques available for the seismic retrofitting of adobe buildings. In the past thirty years, moderate to severe earthquakes occurs around the world every year. It is recommended to utilized either anchor piles or vertical pipes provided that the bridge is substantially curved or skewed because of the complex geometry of the bridge. Seismic retrofitting definition, techniques using modern. Seismic retrofitting building renovations technology. The project includes the development of lowtech, costeffective seismic retrofitting techniques and recom.
Using these buildings as case studies, the project will provide lowtech and easytoimplement retrofitting techniques and maintenance programs for historic earthen buildings in south america to improve their seismic performance while preserving their historic fabric. Mar 03, 2017 one way to learn more about retrofitting bridges so theyre earthquake proof is to check out the cuttingedge techniques used on two innovative bridges constructed in highseismic areas. Introduction earthquake creates great devastation in terms of life, money and failures of structures. Introduction to retrofitting retrofitting is any change made to an existing structure to reduce or eliminate the possibility of damage to that structure from flooding, erosion, high winds, earthquakes, or other hazards. First, the sill plate can slide off of the foundation. Pdf evaluation of seismic retrofitting techniques used. Lakshmanan d20063 in this pushover analysis of the. Seismic retrofitting techniques linkedin slideshare. It is evident that the building can withstand the seismic action if and only if r. Six ways to protect your home from flooding, provides information that will help you decide whether your house is a candidate for retrofitting. The extent of retrofitting will be based on detailed seismic assessment following dynamic methods of analysis. The horizontal lateral shaking in earthquakes create the forces that can be damaging to our wood framed homes. The seismic retrofitting index the r i proposed in this work is based on the assessment of the efficiency, cost and architectural impact of. Upgrading of certain building systems existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity earthquake resistance is really of more importance.
Seismic retrofitting of bridge abutments methods and details. For buildings with large seismic deficiencies, a combination of conventional and frp strengthening techniques may prove to be an effective retrofitting solution. The first technique is to jacket the columns and increase their reinforcing bars in order to withstand larger seismic forces through 0. It is of utmost importance for historic monuments, areas prone to severe earthquakes and tall or expensive structures. With better understanding of seismic demand on structures and with our recent experiences with large earthquakes near urban centers, the need of seismic retrofitting is well acknowledged. Conventional as well as emerging retrofit methods are briefly presented in the following subsections. Nov 11, 2011 seismic retrofitting definition it is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquakes. The seismicisolating method which reduces the effect on a building of the shake produced by an. Accordingly, the various conditionsshould be considered and the ideal retrofitting method selected from the various retrofitting methods listed by retrofitting objective in 1 6 above. Seismic retrofit technology consists of three methods. Earthquake mitigation is an important field of study from a long time now.
The retrofitting is examined with an application to a 64m highrise src steel framed reinforced concrete building built in 1970. Rehabilitation and retrofitting of structures notes rrs. Seismic retrofitting is a collection mitigation techniques for earthquake engineering. Seismic retrofit services srs retrofit san fernando valley. Evaluation of seismic retrofitting tec hniques used international organization of scientific research 9 p a g e table 2 concluded the suitable techniques f or each tested models i n the study. This seismic retrofit guide is designed to promote public safety and welfare by reducing the risk of earthquake induced damage to existing homes. It is shown how this analytical technique can be useful in deciding seismic retrofitting strategy and techniques. If instead, r seismic retrofitting can be performed through several methods with various objectives such as increasing the load, deformation, andor energy dissipation capacity of the structure. Techniques of seismic retrofitting for concrete structures. We know that earthquake is a important field of study from long time. Seismic retrofitting techniques are required for concrete constructions which are vulnerable to damage and failures by seismic forces. Seismic retrofitting is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquakes. There are many seismic retrofitting techniques available, depending upon the various types and conditions of structures. With better understanding of seismic demand on structures and with our recent experiences with large earthquakes near urban centers, the need of seismic retrofitting is well.
The manual intends to achieve the minimum acceptable. Seismic retrofitting techniques for concrete structures. Seismic retrofitting of reinforced concrete buildings using traditional and innovative. Analytical technique can be useful in deciding seismic retrofitting strategy and techniques. Also, changes in service conditions, often made arbitrarily, may lead to substantial changes in the structural behaviour resulting in a degradation of the. Example 2 is a chapel in a university built in 1920. In peru the srp is designing and testing these methods on four types of historic earthen buildings. The focus of this manual is on retrofitting buildings that are subject to flooding. Retrofitting techniques for existing damaged buildings. Meanwhile, traditional techniques of seismic retrofitting by concrete and steel do not always ensure the desired protection of structures from earthquakes and aftershocks. Oct 01, 2015 seismic retrofitting techniques of rcc 1.
Seismic retrofitting techniques of rcc linkedin slideshare. Introduction to seismic retrofitting techniques earthquake creates great devastation in terms of life, money and failures of structures. Therefore, seismic retrofitting of building structures is one of the most important aspects for mitigating seismic hazards especially in earthquakeprone countries. Pdf past earthquakes have emphasized the vulnerability of existing structures which did not satisfy modern seismic design requirements and current. Seismic retrofits house bolting, cripple wall bracing. Pdf seismic retrofitting techniques for historic adobe. There are many seismic retrofit techniques available. Seismic retrofitting of existing structures by cetin sahin a research project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of master of science in civil and environmental engineering project advisor. The seismic retrofitting index the r i proposed in this work is based on the assessment of the efficiency, cost and architectural impact of any seismic retrofitting technique for any building. Such events lead to damage to the concrete structures as well as failures. Retrofitting means making changes to an existing building to protect it from flooding or other hazards such as high winds and earthquakes. Manual on retrofitting of existing vulnerable school buildingsassessment to retrofitting part i 5 d availability of adequate technology some of retrofitting techniques need a modern technology to implement it.
Manual on retrofitting of existing vulnerable school buildingsassessment to retrofitting part i iii list of figures figure 1 earthquake wave propagation 1 presentation by bambang budiono, prof. Seismic retrofitting definition it is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquakes. Varios terms are associated to retrofotting with a marginal differnce like repair, strengethening, retrofitting, rehabilitation, reconstruction etc. Retrofitting of existing structures with insufficient seismic resistance accounts for a major portion of the total cost of hazard mitigation.